This is the website for research related to a collaborative project funded by the NSF in the U.S. and the NWO in the Netherlands on understanding how smartphones users think about privacy when using their devices and how that affects subsequent decision-making about their data. The project includes three foci: fitness trackers, messaging apps, and personal digital assistants. Click on an icon to learn more about each project.

Note: this project ran from 2016-2020. For additional updates on ongoing research being conducted by Vitak and Zimmer, visit the Privacy Education & Research Lab (PEARL) website.